Focus on ethnocentrism. Scientific racism. Thurston believe that intelligence was inversely proportional to the breadth of the nose. train Madras police for using at anthropometry for criminal identification. Furthered idea of criminal castes.
Ethnographic survey of India. 1901 Thurston. Produced 7 volumes of caste and tribes of South India 1909. Recorded traditions customs lifestyle of South Indian tribals.
the people of India 1868 and 1875 created by Watson and Williams Kaye. Photographs of castes and tribes.
After 1857 colonizers believed that they can use castor identities to understand and control Indian population. after 1857 it was necessary to study colonial subjects better to control them.
1908 Risley the people of India book 1908.
Racism classification by risley.
Village as little republic. Charles Metcalf 1830. but MN Srinivas 1960 shows that villages have trade network, weekly market, dispersion due to marriage and spread of pilgrims religion connectivity. Dependency on towns.
Hindu Muslim divide seen
Ranked races. Marital races jat and rajput.
Criminal tribes created.
SC Roy began. MN Srinivas Coorg study.
Elwin wanted to help and protect.
James Hutton study 1921. Naga people should be given autonomy.