Called dhumkuria in Oraon. Morung in Naga. Ghotul in Mundas.
An institution among tribals for teenagers personality formation and socialization. Language, religion, social, economic, technological aspects.
Features. Though varied
Separate or joint dormitory for boys and girls.
Maybe outside village at the centre
Secrecy from outsiders
Set rules traditions and customs
Exit on marriage
May have classes of senior and junior
They learn to co-operate, resolve conflict, self dependence, work ethics, relationships, sexual activity and wisdom via folk tales, music, dance, games and interaction.
It is under adult supervision and secrecy maintained from outsiders usually.
but due to outsiders, resettlement, displacement, poverty and migration the institution has degraded. Formal education, jobs, media exposure has also affected it. As young tribals are not interested and elders do not have enough capacity.
It recent empowerment initiatives for gram sabha some tribals are trying to revive the institution dhumkuria. rstv in 2016.