Fertility is number of offspring produced by a woman.
Events
Puberty. Secretion of hormones by the pituitary gland and ovaries creates development of sexual organs.
Menarche. Initial cycles are are not fertile but after 4 or 5 years the female becomes fertile.
Development of breast, ovary, menstrual cycle.
17% body fat is required for onset of menarche
Sexual intercourse. Sperm meets the egg and zygote develops
Zygote becomes blastocyst and joins in the uterus with development of placenta. It then becomes an embryo and then foetus
After 9 months of zygote formation childbirth takes place.
after childbirth there is temporary sterility in the women and postpartum depression and weakness.
study in Europe and North America shows that age at menarche is decreasing because of increased use of medicine and nutrition availability.
while fertility is declining due to education cost of children choice of women.
Cultural impact
Australian aborigines education about sex at menarche.
Some tribes in India like Lakshadweep tribes used to celebrate it.
Other societies view it as polluting and dangerous so women are secluded in areas and hurts during menstrual cycle. They are susceptible to disease poor hygiene and even snake bites. Nepal.
Tiv of Nigeria's cut four lines on the abdomen of girl during menarche.
In Americans it has created teenage rebellion. but in some tribes Margaret mead has shown that there is less tension in transition into adulthood.
Recently in USA feminist movements have shifted the discourse and some people and Hollywood celebrities are celebrating their uh girl child's menarche with party. Bert kriescher.