Modern genetic techniques 1-2

Crispr cas 9 for editing. TALENs
Recombinant DNA
Transmission electron microscope for DNA study and sequencing.
Illumina sequence - identifying each base on their signal and adding to the nucleotides.
Gene therapy. Coronal leber amaurosis.
Cluustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9
The bacteria capture snippets of DNA from invading viruses and use them to create DNA segments known as CRISPR arrays. The CRISPR arrays allow the bacteria to "remember" the viruses (or closely related ones). If the viruses attack again, the bacteria produce RNA segments from the CRISPR arrays to target the viruses' DNA. The bacteria then use Cas9 or a similar enzyme to cut the DNA apart, which disables the virus.

Advantages

Food security. Eliminate diseases. Carbon capture. Pollution. Manufacturing.
Disadvantages. Biological weapons. Genetic engineering babies. Rich poor divide. Threaten biodiversity. Unknown results in future.